I had similar problems, and ended up with a horrific fissure on one nipple. My only advice is to keep asking for help until it gets sorted. Does your hospital have a lactation consulatant? Be really pushy when you ring them and make sure that they can fit you in . The health nurse might not be trained as an LC. Give the ABA a call and maybe go along to a meeting to the counsellors can have a look at your attachment and might be able to help.
As for treating the damage, lots of shirt and bra free time, rub some expressed milk onto the nipple and let it air dry and try to get some UV on them (I used to sit topless on my back lawn for 10 minutes after a feed). The hydrogel discs are great too, and don't use the fabric breast pads (they used to just stick to my scabs, and then it was so painful to pull them off). Grab a big box of diposable ones and use them for a while, they don't stick as much.
Goodluck with it all, it does get better I promise!!!
DD1 - December 2009 - breastfed for 22 months DD2 - January 2012 - straight back onto the booby feeding bandwagon